A concept introduced by German physicist Hermann Haken in 1981, order parameters govern the emergence of phenomenon at the global level from complex systems (Goldstein, 1999).
They are variables introduced as energy into the system causing bifurcations, or changes in the self-ordering process. As more are introduced, the number of possible configurations the system could move towards increases distancing the system further from equilibrium and opening the system up to positive feedback (Heylighen, 2002; Waldrop, 1992).
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